Moreover, a clinical trial conducted as an exercise program for obese and overweight pregnant women exposed to risk of gestational diabetes in the second and the third trimesters showed that exercise intervention during this period of pregnancy had no effect on fasting blood sugar level, sensitivity to insulin, or birth weight, which was probably due to improper performance of physical exercises during the study (Oostdam, van Poppel, Eekhoff, Wouters, & van Mechelen, 2009). Here, INS is linked to gestational diabetes.