Moreover, our previous study and another study by Wang SE et al demonstrated that oncogenes mediate autocrine TGF-β signaling [39], indicating that oncogenes not only alter intracellular signaling in cancer cells but also possess the proficiency to mediate the tumor microenvironment through TGF-β, and therefore they should be considered a dominant target for cancer therapy. The gene discussed is TGFB1; the disease is neoplasm.