INS and Hypoglycemia: However, without knowledge of the metabolic and nutritional status of the individual patient, the practice of medicine using means-based administration of nutritional support and insulin therapy (van den Berghe et al., 2001) can result in over- and underfeeding, hyper- and hypoglycemia (Van den Berghe et al., 2006; Henderson and Finfer, 2009; Marik, 2009; Myburgh and Chittock, 2009) because assessments of the patient are based solely on blood metabolite concentration measurements.