MAPK3 and diabetes mellitus: Compared to NC mice group, the ratio of phospho-to-total p38 MAPK (p/t-p38) was significantly increased in DM mice group (0.202 ± 0.020 versus 0.427 ± 0.023, P = 0.002), but the ratio of phospho-to-total ERK1/2 (p/t-ERK1/2, 0.120 ± 0.008 versus 0.139 ± 0.009, P = 0.141) and phospho-to-total JNK1/2 (p/t-JNK1/2, versus 0.376 ± 0.016 versus 0.354 ± 0.015, P = 0.338) showed no statistical difference.