The possibility that chemerin plays a role in metabolic disease, in particular with obesity and type 2 diabetes, arose when it was discovered that adipose tissue is one of the main tissues from which chemerin is secreted (i.e., it is an adipokine), and that circulating levels in humans correlate with body mass index, plasma triglycerides and blood pressure (Ernst & Sinal, 2010). This evidence concerns the gene RARRES2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.