An increasing number of research studies has involved the oncogene GOLPH3 in several cancers including melanoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, glioma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, oral tongue cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, epithelial ovarian carcinoma and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (Table 1) [5–26]. The gene discussed is GOLPH3; the disease is esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.