In S2VP10 and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic cancer cells, TGF-β1 alone slightly increased cell growth (about 20%) (Figs. 2A and 2B, bar 2 versus bar 1, respectively), but did not affect the percentage of cells labeled annexin-V-positive and propidium iodide (PI)-negative (Figs. 2D and 2E, bar 2 versus bar 1, respectively), indicating that the phenotype of these pancreatic cancer cells is resistant to TGF-β1. Here, ANXA5 is linked to familial pancreatic carcinoma.