However, in contrast to these conclusions, repression of zebrafish mitfa transcription by FOXD3 is direct; there are FOXD3 binding sites in the zebrafish mitfa promoter through which repression is mediated, and the DNA-binding domain of zebrafish FOXD3 is necessary for the repression of transcription in transfected mouse melanoma cells or in fibroblasts co-transfected with SOX10 (Curran et al., 2010, , 2009). This evidence concerns the gene FOXD3 and melanoma.