Given its similarities with Alzheimer's disease such as the late age of onset and the abnormal accumulation of proteins, the apolipoprotein E (APOE, OMIM#107741) gene has been one of the most popular genes studied in sIBM (Gang et al., 2014), but no association with sIBM disease risk was confirmed (Needham et al., 2008). The gene discussed is APOE; the disease is Alzheimer disease.