GLS and carcinoma: Therefore, we examined the effect of tylophorine treatment on GLS1 (Glutaminase type 1) [3] and LDHA (Lactate dehydrogenase) [2], c-Myc-targeted genes that mediate the cancer cell nutrient supply via the Warburg effect, and observed that the protein expression levels of these genes were downregulated in tylophorine-treated carcinoma cells (Fig. 5A and 5B).