In MRM-MS results, PAP was found to show higher protein levels in the urine of prostate cancer patients compared to the PAP concentrations in the urine of the control group (median control urine = 1.21 pmol/mg median prostate-cancer patient urine = 6.26 pmol/mg; P = 0.012, Figure 8). The gene discussed is ACP3; the disease is Familial prostate cancer.