Moreover, uncontrolled expression of lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis (as shown by up-regulation of SREBP1c, GSK3β phosphorylation and PEPCK, respectively) in the face of hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia, further exacerbates diabetic dyslipidemia upon prolonged HFHS dieting. The gene discussed is SREBF1; the disease is hyperinsulinism.