Exclusion criteria included pregnant or lactating females, prior history of significant renal disease or bone disease, creatinine clearance < 60 mL/min, aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/ alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 5 × upper limit of normal (ULN), and previous FTC, TDF or adefovir dipivoxil therapy. This evidence concerns the gene GPT and kidney disorder.