Recently, a central role in more common proteinopathies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), has been attributed to PrPC where it was shown to act as a neuronal receptor for neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers (Lauren et al., 2009; Dohler et al., 2014) and a variety of other disease-associated β-sheet rich protein assemblies including PrPSc (Resenberger et al., 2011). The gene discussed is PRNP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.