NOX4 and cardiac hypertrophy: Nuclear localization of Nox4 has been reported from other cell types such as human vascular endothelial cells [33] and from cardiomyocytes, in which Nox4 causes histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) cysteine oxidation, leading to HDAC4 exit from the nucleus and cardiac hypertrophy [31].