Because of our evidence demonstrating a direct link between AngII stimulation of the AT1 and activation of Nox4-dependent generation of superoxide in neural stem cells [12], together with evidence by others of prominent nuclear localization for Nox4 and Nox4-mediated superoxide generation [31,32], we explored the possibility that analogous interactions between the AT1 and Nox4 might occur within the nuclei of dopamine neurons in substantia nigra of Parkinson patients. The gene discussed is NOX4; the disease is Parkinsonism.