Song et al. [27] administered 300 mg/kg of erythropoietin-beta IV to 36 adults undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting at induction of anaesthesia and noted a reduction in the incidence of acute kidney injury (EPO 8% vs Placebo 29%, p = 0.03), defined as a 50% increase in serum creatinine over baseline in the first 5 post-operative days. The gene discussed is EPO; the disease is acute kidney injury.