Children presenting with severe anaemia in Uganda were 5 to 8 times more likely to receive a second transfusion than children in Kenya or Tanzania, likely reflecting lower admission Hb levels (Table 4) and an increased proportion of children (particularly in Mbale and Soroti) whose clinical presentation suggested intravascular haemolysis, highlighting the importance of repeat Hb measurement after blood transfusion, particularly in children with malaria parasitaemia [10,29]. The gene discussed is GSTM1; the disease is anemia (phenotype).