TRPV1 and colitis: Desensitization of TRPV1 receptor-expressing C-fibers using treatment with either resiniferatoxin (RTX) or capsaicin results in significantly reduced severity of dextran-sulfate-sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice (Kihara et al. 2003; Engel et al. 2012), indicating that TRPV1-positive nociceptor fibers are involved in this model of colitis.