BMDMs from TLR9−/− mice showed impaired AF-induced NFATc2 translocation (Fig7D and E) and, additionally, the TLR9 blocking nucleotide ODN2088 blocked NFATc2 translocation in J774A.1 macrophages without blocking conidial uptake (Fig7F and Supplementary Fig S8A). The gene discussed is TLR9; the disease is atrial fibrillation.