TP53 and Chronic colitis: Repeated tissue damage and regeneration due to chronic inflammation lead to the presence of highly reactive nitrogen and oxygen species released from inflammatory cells, which interact with DNA in proliferating epithelium, resulting in permanent genomic alterations such as point mutations, deletions, or rearrangements.16 Hussain et al17 hypothesized that the high frequency of the p53-mutated allele in nondysplastic mucosa of chronic colitis may confer susceptibility to the development of CRC in an inflammatory microenvironment.