APOA1 and cardiovascular disorder: For example, it was long believed that APOA-I and HDL prevented cardiovascular disease through reverse cholesterol transport, the transport of peripheral cholesterol to the liver; however, mice lacking APOA-I have normal biliary cholesterol secretion (Amigo et al., 2011) and some pharmaceutical agents that raise HDL-C fail to provide the protection observed with naturally high HDL cholesterol levels (Barter et al., 2007; Boden et al., 2011).