Furthermore, the pattern and time course of LMP2 and LMP7 expression were in line with the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β and NF-κB. Thus, these results are in agreement with the previous studies that immunoproteasome is highly expressed in immune cells in brain diseases.11, 16 Interestingly, although immunoproteasome activity has been detected in different nervous tissue cell types, the major cell types expressing immunoproteasome vary in different neurological diseases. Here, TNF is linked to brain disorder.