In the context of viral infections, SOCS proteins suppress cytokine receptor signaling through inhibition of Janus-activated kinase and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling,25-27 and preliminary data suggest that SOCS1 and SOCS3 might suppress influenza-induced IFN-β promoter activation.28 The gene discussed is CISH; the disease is viral infectious disease.