CTSS and glioma: In glioma-derived cell lines, however, H-1PV induces apoptosis in only a small fraction of glioma cells and triggers instead an alternative cell death pathway involving the relocation of active cathepsins B and L from lysosomes into the cytosol and the downregulation of cystatin B and C levels, cystatin Band C (two cathepsin inhibitors) levels [52].