SOCS3 and Huntington disease: Mitochondria-associated metabolic dysfunction and increased glycolytic rate have been previously associated with HD.21 The Jak-STAT pathway, a common signaling pathway used by many cytokines, was characterized by the upregulation of serine-threonine protein kinase (AKT1), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), son of sevenless homolog 2 (SOS2) and interferon-alpha/beta receptor beta chain (IFNAR2).