Future studies should focus on the synergistic role IFN-α and sorafenib in the management of chronic HBV-associated HCC following curative resection, and HBsAg loss and anti-HBV conversion, the development of safe and affordable agents, as well as management strategies to improve sustained or maintained HBV suppression, should be the future aims for the management of chronic HBV-associated HCC. The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is hepatocellular carcinoma.