Furthermore, in recent cross-sectional studies, we and others have demonstrated that sCD163 is strongly associated with insulin resistance as assessed by HOMA-IR (20, 21, 24) and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp technique (26), which was evident in normal-weight and obese healthy individuals (20, 21, 26), as well as in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and T2DM (24). The gene discussed is CD163; the disease is Insulin resistance.