Data obtained from experiments conducted in diet-induced obesity models have shown that yerba maté suppresses body weight gain and visceral fat accumulation and decreases serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, glucose, insulin, pancreatic lipase and leptin [39,44,47,48,49,56,58,59]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.