Yerba maté significantly inhibited hypothalamic inflammation induced by obesity trough reducing the phosphorylation of hypothalamic IKK and NFκBp65 expression and significantly increasing the protein levels of IκBα and adiponectin receptor-1. Inflammation associated with obesity in liver and muscle was also significantly controlled by yerba maté. This evidence concerns the gene NFKBIA and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.