Finally, miR-125b is involved in several diseases including myelodysplastic syndrome, leukemia (Bousquet et al., 2008, 2010) and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (Banzhaf-Strathmann et al., 2014); interestingly, it is reported that CCL4 expression is altered in patients with Alzheimer's disease (Xia & Hyman, 1999), although the relationship between miR-125b and CCL4 is not known. The gene discussed is CCL4; the disease is early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease.