Next, to examine the effect of Nox1 on the differentiation of progenitor cells and the survival of newborn cells in ischemia, BrdU- and NeuN-labeling methods, and BrdU- and active caspase-3-labeling methods were used to detect differentiated cells and apoptotic newborn cells, respectively, in the ipsilateral peri-infarct regions in ischemic rats at 4 w after MCAO. This evidence concerns the gene CASP3 and ischemia.