In the 1990s, sepsis was believed to be associated with an exacerbated release of mainly proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1, IL-6, and IL-12), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is Sepsis.