TNF and serum lipopolysaccharide activity: Previously, it had been shown that IL-6 could inhibit LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-1β expression and secretion,40 and IL-6 limit LPS-induced endotoxemia in mice.39 On the basis of this data and our observation presented here, one may presume that IL-6 secreted during interaction of adipocytes and macrophages might have an anti-inflammatory role in the inflamed adipose tissue downregulating the induction and release of proinflammatory cytokines.