The frequency of EphA5 promoter methylation was significantly higher in prostate cancer samples (32 of 45, 71.1%) than in BPH tissue samples (5 of 39, 12.8%; p < 0.01) and paired noncancerous tissues (2 of 23, 8.7%; p < 0.01). Here, EPHA5 is linked to benign prostatic hyperplasia.