Although our statistical analyses did not support susceptibility (pc ≥ 0.05), the finding of HLA-B*58 in our patient group suggests that this allele is a specific marker for clinical BB leprosy in our region, as the frequency of this allele in the general population is approximately 5.0%, whereas in BB patients, the frequency was 11.36% [42]. The gene discussed is HLA-B; the disease is leprosy.