TBX1 and chordoma: It has been previously shown that brachyury is immunogenic in humans [12, 35, 36] and based on those studies, a heat-killed recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast) brachyury vaccine and a MVA-poxviral vaccine encoding brachyury and a triad of costimulatory molecules (TRICOM) have been developed and characterized [26] and entered Phase I clinical testing in patients with advanced carcinomas or chordomas [28, 29, 37, 38].