AICDA and infection: Indeed, the infection of pre-B-cells by the JCV archetype (form of the virus during primary infection) might allow changes in the regulatory region during the development and maturation of B-cells, in particular, via the expression of RAG 1 and RAG 2 recombinases [needed for somatic recombination of V (D) J rearrangement of immunoglobulin] and the AID (activation-induced cytidine deaminase) enzyme, which allows somatic hypermutation, gene conversion, and immunoglobulin class switching (45).