The JAK-STAT pathway and upd3 in Drosophila are involved in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and tissue repair in conditions of acute stress and infection via the control of stem cell proliferation in the Drosophila gut, testis, ovary, and kidney (Jiang et al., 2009, Kohlmaier and Edgar, 2008, Osman et al., 2012, Singh et al., 2007); the inhibition of apoptosis (Betz et al., 2008); and the regulation of Ilp secretion (Rajan and Perrimon, 2012) and insulin signaling (Karpac et al., 2011). The gene discussed is XIAP; the disease is infection.