RBCK1 and infection: A viral mutant capable of acute lytic infection but unable to efficiently establish latency (ORF73.stop) (Moorman et al., 2003) was unable to efficiently protect HOIL-1 KO or control mice from Listeria infection, demonstrating that latent MHV68 is required to complement HOIL-1-associated immunodeficiency to Listeria (Figure 5B).