RBCK1 and Immunodeficiency: The ability of HOIL-1 KO mice to effectively control chronic herpesvirus infection allowed us to test the hypothesis that persistent virus infection might alter two phenotypes, hyper-inflammation and immunodeficiency, in which HOIL-1 KO mice appear to differ from some reported patients with bi-allelic mutations in RBCK1 (HOIL1) (Boisson et al., 2012).