The results showed that MF-1 and/or DC101 inhibited VEGF-induced neovascularization in tumor cell-free matrigel plugs (i.e. in the absence of paracrine influence from tumor cells), as evidenced by the significantly lower hemoglobin content (Figure 2E) and decreased MVD (Figure 2F and Supplementary Figure S5B) in the matrigel plugs. Here, VEGFA is linked to neoplasm.