NFKB1 and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Our early studies have shown that constitutive activation of the NF-κB pathway through IL-1/TNF-α/IKK signaling and their downstream molecules contributes to tumorigenesis and metastasis in a murine Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) model [4,5], which is consistent with observations in human HNSCC cell lines, patient serum and tumor specimens [6–13].