As previously reported [25], there is a direct association between increased levels of these two hormones and the increased number of anaerobic microorganisms, which play an important role in the onset and progression of periodontal disease by decreasing the phagocytic capacity of polymorphonuclear (PMN) leukocytes and increasing the secretion of interleukin-1b (IL-1b) [27]. The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is periodontal disorder.