In the multivariable analysis, lower CD4 count (adjusted OR 1.2 per 10-cell decrease, 90% CI 1.0, 1.4; p = 0.012), hemoglobin ≤8.5 g/dL (adjusted OR 5.8, 90% CI 1.2, 34.4; p = 0.049), and confirmed tuberculosis (adjusted OR 17.4, 90% CI 2.6, 410.1; p = 0.001) were associated with increased adjusted odds of M. tuberculosis bacteremia. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is tuberculosis.