Fig. 4A shows that TNF-α and IL-8 expression was at a limited level and mainly distributed to the basal layers of the epidermis in normal tissue, but was widely upregulated within the whole epidermis in the psoriasis tissues, while being significantly decreased following treatment with the two regimens. Western blot analysis revealed a comparable tendency, as shown in Fig. 4B. Here, TNF is linked to psoriasis.