Taken together, these data show that the leukemic phenotype induced by PML/RARα or DEK/NUP214 is associated with a constitutive activation of STAT3 and/or 5 and that the targeted expression of the AAFPs to different subpopulations in the BM might have different intracellular signaling responses that contribute to leukemia development. This evidence concerns the gene RARA and leukemia.