EGFR and neoplasm: The most common signaling cascades activated by EGFR are the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, Ras/Raf/Mek/extracellular signal-regulated kinase, and the Jak/Stat pathways (64) that both contribute to the development of malignancies by impacting cell cycle progression, inhibition of apoptosis, angiogenesis, tumor cell motility, and metastases (65).