Compared to healthy individuals, MS patients display increased serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, lymphotoxin-α, IL-2, IL-1β, and anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10, IL-13, and TGF-β (52, 53). This evidence concerns the gene IFNG and myeloid sarcoma.