Besides their cholesterol-lowering properties, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors exert pleiotropic effects in the brain that are beneficial for stroke recovery, promoting post-ischemic neuronal survival (Sironi et al., 2003; Kilic et al., 2005), inhibiting inflammatory responses (Pahan et al., 1997; Kilic et al., 2005), restoring endothelial function (Endres et al., 1998; Amin-Hanjani et al., 2001), and promoting angiogenesis and neurogenesis (Chen et al., 2003). This evidence concerns the gene HMGCR and Stroke.