More recently, Lxn has been shown to inhibit melanoma cell proliferation and down-regulate the expression of several stem cell transcription factors, such as octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT4), sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2), Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), NANOG, and MYCN. The gene discussed is SOX2; the disease is melanoma.