PON1 and metabolic syndrome: Increased Ox-LDL in obese patients with dyslipidemia may be due to loss of antioxidant capacity caused by low serum activity of the antioxidant enzyme (SOD) [12] or low HDL-associated paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), HDL attached extracellular esterase which contributes to the anti-atherogenic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of HDL [102].