TLR8 and Bowen disease of the skin: In addition, TLR7/TLR8 agonist imiquimod has been successfully used for treatment of various epithelial cutaneous neoplasms [37], and imiquimod 5% cream might represent an alternative topical treatment to surgery in selected cases of Bowen’s disease and squamous skin tumors that exhibit antitumor and antiviral activity through stimulation of both innate and acquired immunity.